rocks and minerals 2

QUESTION 1

1. Minerals must be solid, non-organic, and have a definite internal structure.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 2

1. Which property of minerals describes how they break along given planes?
   

   		fracture
   		hardness
   		cleavage

3 points

QUESTION 3

1. Gypsum and quartz can look very similar. Which test can help you distinguish them?
   

   		hardness
   		luster
   		acid effervescence

3 points

QUESTION 4

1. Sphalerite is an important ore source of lead.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 5

1. The Bushveld area of South Africa is a well-known source of which economic mineral?
   

   		sphalerite
   		pyrite
   		platinum

3 points

QUESTION 6

1. A rock is defined as
   

   		any hard aggregate in the earth
   		an aggregate of minerals without specific chemical composition
   		a substance made of just one chemical element

3 points

QUESTION 7

1. List and describe at least four different types of luster that minerals may display.
   

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4 points

QUESTION 8

1. An igneous rock with small, barely discernible crystals most likely formed
   

   		deep within the earth
   		from a lava flow
   		below Earth’s surface, near a volcano

3 points

QUESTION 9

1. Granite is what type of igneous rock?
   

   		felsic intrusive
   		mafic extrusive
   		ultramafic intrusive

3 points

QUESTION 10

1. Consider the igneous rocks gabbro, basalt, and peridotite. Discuss the environment of formation for each of these three rocks, specifically addressing where they formed and what types of minerals must have been in the material from which they formed.
   

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4 points

QUESTION 11

1. Komatiite is a well-known source of copper ore.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 12

1. Pillow lava forms when lava spills over dry land and cools quickly.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 13

1. Which processes are directly responsible for the formation of sediment?
   

   		weathering and erosion
   		lithification and compaction
   		bedding and compaction

3 points

QUESTION 14

1. Which of the following sedimentary rocks is non-clastic?
   

   		conglomerate
   		rock gypsum
   		sandstone

3 points

QUESTION 15

1. Which of the following sedimentary rocks has the SMALLEST grain size?
   

   		shale
   		sandstone
   		breccias

3 points

QUESTION 16

1. Give an example of an organic non-clastic sedimentary rock, a chemical non-clastic sedimentary rock, and a clastic sedimentary rock. Discuss the environment and mode of formation for each example.
   

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4 points

QUESTION 17

1. Fossils are most often found in igneous rocks but can sometimes be found in sedimentary rocks such as fossiliferous limestone.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 18

1. The bands of differently colored or structured materials in some sedimentary rocks are called
   

   		till
   		strata
   		turbidites

3 points

QUESTION 19

1. Sedimentary rocks can form at the earth’s surface or within the earth.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 20

1. Layering within metamorphic rocks is called
   

   		striations
   		foliation
   		banding

3 points

QUESTION 21

1. Which of the following can contribute to metamorphosis of a rock?
   

   		exposure to extreme heat only
   		exposure to extreme pressure only
   		both heat and/or pressure

3 points

QUESTION 22

1. What is the protolith for the metamorphic rock quartzite?
   

   		limestone
   		andesite
   		sandstone

3 points

QUESTION 23

1. Which metamorphic rock is commonly formed by contact metamorphism and has non-foliated texture?
   

   		gneiss
   		schist
   		hornfel

3 points

QUESTION 24

1. Gneiss is often found in regions that have undergone tectonic deformation.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 25

1. The metamorphic rock slate is commonly used for roofing materials.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 26

1. Define each of the following: contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism. Give an example of each.
   

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4 points

QUESTION 27

1. Which of the following processes changes molten rock into an extrusive igneous rock?
   

   		sedimentation
   		weathering
   		crystallization

3 points

QUESTION 28

1. Which of the following processes is involved in the creation of an igneous rock?
   

   		deposition
   		weathering
   		crystallization

3 points

QUESTION 29

1. A rock’s change in shape due to forces acting on it is called
   

   		strike
   		strain
   		dip

3 points

QUESTION 30

1. Slippage of one rock block past another is called jointing.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 31

1. In what type of fault does the hanging wall move upward in relation to the footwall?
   

   		normal
   		thrust
   		strike-slip

3 points

QUESTION 32

1. What is the hanging wall?
   

   		rocks below a fault plane
   		rocks above a fault plane
   		rocks not affected by a fault plane

3 points

QUESTION 33

1. Dip is expressed as a compass direction and strike is expressed as an angle.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 34

1. This symbol is from a geologic map. What does the number 15 represent?
   

   		number of faults in the area
   		age of the rock in millions of years
   		the steepness of the rock’s incline

3 points

QUESTION 35

1. A contour interval of 20 feet means that every foot on a given topographic map represents 20 feet on the earth.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

QUESTION 36

1. On a topographic map, contour lines represent changes in rock ages.
   

   True

   False
   

2 points

 

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