Factor Theory of Personality – Savvy Essay Writers | savvyessaywriters.net
Factor Theory of Personality – Savvy Essay Writers | savvyessaywriters.net
What Is Personality
· According to the text
· Personality is, “an individual’s unique constellation of consistent behavioral traits”(Weiten, Hammer, and Dunn, 2014)
· “Personality includes characteristic patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior, together with the psychological mechanisms-hidden or not-behind those patterns.” (Funder, 2007)
· Psychologists who research personality take different approaches to their research:
· Basic approach
· Observes patterns
· Trait approach
· Focuses on traits
· Biological approach
· Looks at anatomy, physiology, genetics, evolution
· Psychoanalytic approach
· Assessing unconscious, subconscious
· Phenomenological approach
Listen to people’s conscious experience of the world
Personality Traits
· A personality trait is, “a durable disposition to behave in a particular way in a variety of situations.”
· How do you most commonly behave across different situations?
· Shy
· Honest
· Moody
· Friendly
· THINK: Describe your personality. What kind of traits come to mind? How would someone else describe your personality?
· What do you notice about other people’s personalities?
Five-Factor Theory of Personality
· One of the most prominent theories of personality
· Also referred to as the “Five Factor Model” or FFM (Costa & McCrae, 1992), and as the Global Factors of personality (Russell & Karol, 1994)
· This theory states that almost all personality traits derive from the Big Five Personality Traits
· Extroversion, Neuroticism, Openness to experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness
Five Factors
· Openness
· Curiosity, flexibility, vivid imagination, impulsive
· Conscientiousness
· Diligent, disciplined, well organized, dependable
· Extraversion
· Outgoing, sociable, upbeat, friendly, assertive
· Agreeableness
· Sympathetic, trusting, cooperative, modest
· Neuroticism
· Anxious, hostile, self-conscious, insecure, vulnerable
All five factors show an influence from both heredity and environment.
Freudian Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality
· According to Freud: personality is divided into three main components:
· Id
· Primitive, instinctive component of personality that operates according to the pleasure principle
· Ego
· The decision making component of personality that operates according to the reality principle
· Superego
· Moral component of personality that incorporates social standards about what represents right and wrong
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
· Introspective, self report inventory
· Assesses how people perceive the world and make decisions
· Based on Carl Jung’s theory of psychological types, uses 4 scales
· Extroversion/Introversion
· Sensing/Intuitive
· Thinking/Feeling
· Judging/Perceiving
· Results come in a Four letter combination
· ENFP
· An example of an MBTI type assessment can be found here
https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test
Why does personality matter?
· We use what we know about a person’s personality to predict their behavior
· We use what we know about our own personality to develop coping skills and adaptability, preferences, and self-concepts
· Assessment of personality helps us determine who we want to spend our time with
· Personality traits impact several different life outcomes (stress, happiness, health, longevity, etc.)
· Assessing your own personality and comparing to who you want to be is an important part of personal growth
· THINK: What traits would I change about myself? What traits do I have that I would change?
Keep this in mind for your first journal
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