CQI Program Case Discussion
CQI Program Case Discussion
CQI Program Case Discussion
CQI Program Case Discussion
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The resource group is made up of senior management (e.g., CEO, vice presidents). It estab- lishes overall CQI policy, vision, and values for the organization and actively involves the board of directors in this process, thereby ensuring that the CQI program has sufficient emphasis and is provided with the resources needed. The CQI coordinator is often appointed by the CEO to pro- vide day-to-day management of the CQI process and related activities (e.g., training programs).
CQI teams are designated to evaluate and improve select processes. They are formally established and supported by the resource group. CQI teams range in size from 5 to 10 people, representing all major functions of the process being evaluated.
Each CQI team is headed by a team leader who is familiar with the process being evaluated. The leader organizes team meetings, sets the agenda, and guides the group through the discussion, evaluation, and implementation process.
Components of Quality Management A comprehensive quality management program includes:
● A comprehensive quality management plan. A quality management plan is a systematic method to design, measure, assess, and improve organizational performance. Using a multidisciplinary approach, this plan identifies processes and systems that represent the goals and mission of the organization, identifies customers, and specifies opportunities for improvement. Critical paths, which are described in Chapter 3, are an example of a quality management plan. Critical paths identify expected outcomes within a specific time frame. Then variances are tracked and accounted for.
● Set standards for benchmarking. Standards are written statements that define a level of performance or a set of conditions determined to be acceptable by some authorities. Standards relate to three major dimensions of quality care:
a. Structure b. Process c. Outcome
Structure standards relate to the physical environment, organization, and management of an organization. Process standards are those connected with the actual delivery of care. Outcome standards involve the end results of care that has been given.
An indicator is a tool used to measure the performance of structure, process, and outcome standards. It is measurable, objective, and based on current knowledge. Once indicators are identified, benchmarking, or comparing performance using identified quality indicators across institutions or disciplines, is the key to quality improvement.
In nursing, both generic and specific standards are available from the American Nurses Association and specialty organizations; however, each organization and each patient care area must designate standards specific to the patient population being served. These standards are the foundation on which all other measures of quality are based.
An example of a standard is, “Every patient will have a written care plan within 12 hours of admission.”
● Performance appraisals. Based on requirements of the job, employees are evaluated on their performance. This feedback is essential for employees to be professionally accountable. (See Chapter 18 for more on performance appraisals.)
● A focus on intradisciplinary assessment and improvement. There will always be a need for groups to assess, analyze, and improve their own performance. Methods to assess performance should, however, focus on the CQI philosophy, which involves group or intradisciplinary performance. Peer review, discussed later in the chapter, is an example of intradisciplinary assessment
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