Discuss the ideas behind Deterrence both Specific and General.

Criminology

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Chapter 14: Use of Prisons In the 18th Century, the Quakers believed that even the worst of the worst sinner could be saved. When a person in their community committed a crime, they would lock them in a cellar with nothing but a candle and a bible to read. When they felt the person had repented enough for their sins and asked God for forgiveness, they would release the person from the cellar and then excommunicate them from their community. By the 19th century, we saw the creation of the Auburn Prison model and we started to use the term Penitentiaries “ a place where a person would repent for their sins.” Now, we mostly refer to them as Prisons. In this new model, we would put the inmates to work so they could help pay back the communities. Ex: Farming, clean up, making license plates. Throughout the years, the ideas of prisons have changed: 4 ERAS 1- Retribution- Prison was used for punishment only. Eye for an Eye mentality. 2- Incapacitation- Prison was used to just lock everyone up so they could not hurt anyone else in the community. 3- Deterrence- Where punishments are made strict so that the purpose is to deter individuals from breaking the law: Specific Deterrence- when the individual is punished tougher to get them to rethink their behaviors. General Deterrence- Punishments that are put in place to deter individuals from breaking the law. Examples: 1- Death Penalty 2- Mandatory Sentencing Guidelines 3- Three Strikes 4- Rehabilitation- Offering programs and services to lessen he chances of the individual re-offending. Ex- Substance Abuse Programs, Mental Health Programs, Anger Management, Anti-Gun Violence Programs, GED Programs, and Batters Intervention Programs. Discussion Question: Discuss the ideas behind Deterrence both Specific and General. In your opinion, do any of these deterrent methods seem to be working? Such as the Death Penalty and the others listed.