Principalism, especially in the context of bioethics in the United States, has often been critiqued for raising the principle of autonomy to the highest place, such that it trumps all other principles or values. How would you rank the importance of each of the four principles? How do you believe they would be ordered in the context of the Christian biblical narrative?

First, I must address what each of the four principles are.

 1. Autonomy—agreement to respect another’s right to self-determine a course of action;

support of independent decision making (Beauchamp & Childress. 2009).

2. Beneficence- compassion; taking positive action to help others; desire to do good; core

principle of our patient advocacy (Beauchamp & Childress. 2009).

3. Nonmaleficence- avoidance of harm or hurt; core of medical oath and nursing ethics (Beauchamp & Childress. 2009)

4. Justice- refers to an equal and fair distribution of resources, based on analysis of benefits and burdens of decision. Justice implies that all citizens have an equal right to the goods distributed, regardless of what they have contributed or who they are. (Butts &Rich, 2008).

                In my opinion, Beneficence is the most important principle.  Most ethical theories have embraced various aspects of beneficence, and utilitarian theorists see beneficence as the foundation for causing the greatest benefit for all. If one is to take a positive action to help others and has the core principle to advocate what is good and just for others then the other principles seem to fall into place. Beneficence strives for the best care while embracing not doing anything harmful (Enright & Miyamoto, 2008).  If one acts in beneficence then it stands to reason that they would respect the persons autonomy, they would do no harm and justice would be maintained.  How would I rank each? beneficence, followed by autonomy, nonmaleficence and finally justice.

                In biblical terms, I feel that beneficence would again, be the most important principle. The reason I feel this way is because God gave his only son, for our benefit. Jesus died on the cross for our benefit. Everything that God and Jesus has done has been for the benefit of mankind. It is well known that in the bible, Matthew 25:36, states, I was naked, and you clothed me. I was sick, and you visited me. I was in prison, and you came to me.’ I feel that God wants how we live to benefit others. Everything we do in our lives affects another person one way or the other. It is up to us to have it be a positive benefit to others.

I NEED YOU TO COMMENT FROM THIS POST, 150  WORDS NEEDED A REFERENCE

Assignment: Application: Systems Theory

As noted in the Learning Resources, systems theory provides a meaningful and beneficial means of examining challenges in health care organizations. To do this effectively, however, it is essential to assess all system components, as some may be relatively healthy while others are problematic.

For this Assignment, you apply systems theory to the examination of a problem in a department or a unit within a health care organization. (Note: You may use the same problem you identified for the Discussion as long as it meets the criteria for this assignment.)

To prepare:

• Review the Meyer article, “Nursing Services Delivery Theory: An Open System Approach,” in this week’s Learning Resources. Focus especially on the information presented in Table 1 (p. 2831) and Figure 2 (p. 2833).
• Reflect on your organization or one with which you are familiar. Within a particular department or unit in this organization, identify a problem the staff is encountering.
• Using Table 1 in the Meyer article as a guide, analyze the department or unit, identifying inputs, throughput, output, cycles of events, and negative feedback. Consider whether the problem you have selected relates to input, throughput, output, cycles of events, and/or negative feedback.
• Think about how you could address the problem: Consider what a desired outcome would be, then formulate related goals and objectives, and translate those goals into policies and procedures.
• Research professional standards that are pertinent to your identified problem.
• Reflect on the organization’s mission statement and values. In addition, consider how addressing this problem would uphold the mission and values, while improving the organizational culture and climate. (Depending on the organization you have selected, you may have explored these in the Week 1 Discussion.)

Write a 3- to 5-page paper (page count does not include title and reference page) that addresses the following:

• Describe a department or unit within a health care organization using systems theory terminology. Include a description of inputs, throughput, output, cycles of events, and negative feedback.
• Describe the problem you identified within the department or unit using an open- systems approach, and state where the problem exists using the systems theory model (input, throughput, output, cycles of events, or negative feedback).
• Based on this information, explain how you would address the problem as follows:
  • Formulate a desired outcome.
  • Identify goals and objectives that would facilitate that outcome.
  • Translate those goals and objectives into policies and procedures for the department or unit.
  • Describe relevant professional standards.
• Explain how your proposed resolution to the problem would uphold the organization’s mission and values and improve the culture and climate.

Required Readings

Marquis, B. L., & Huston, C. J. (2015). Leadership roles and management functions in nursing: Theory and application (8th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins.

• Review Chapter 7, “Strategic and Operational Planning”

   

  See especially Figure 7.1 on page 147.

 

• Chapter 8, “Planned Change”

 

• Organizational Change Associated With Nonlinear Dynamics (pp. 172–176)

   

  Read this section of Chapter 8 on planned change. Consider the role of leaders in effectively managing planned change.

   

• Chapter 12, “Organizational Structure”

 

• “Organizational Culture” (pp. 274–276)

   

  There are many structures organizations take, and these structures influence how the organization functions. This chapter discusses many different organizational structures and provides insights into how these structures influence the change process, as well as leadership and management.

Johnson, J. K., Miller, S. H., & Horowitz, S. D. (2008). Systems-based practice: Improving the safety and quality of patient care by recognizing and improving the systems in which we work. Retrieved from http://www.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/advances2/vol2/Advances-Johnson_90.pdf

 

This article addresses the importance of systems-based practice (SBP) in health care workplaces. The authors state that SBP knowledge is one of six core competencies that physicians have to know in order to provide safe and proper care for their patients.

Manley, K., O’Keefe, H., Jackson, C., Pearce, J., & Smith, S. (2014). A shared purpose framework to deliver person-centred, safe and effective care: Organisational transformation using practice development methodology. FoNS 2014 International Practice Development Journal 4-(1).

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

Meyer, R. M., & O’Brien-Pallas, L. L. (2010). Nursing services delivery theory: An open system approach. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 66(12), 2828–2838.

Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.

 

In this article, the authors examine the effects of nursing services delivery theory in large-scale organizations. Among other benefits, this theory supports multilevel phenomena and cross-level studies, and it can guide future research and the management of nursing services.