HEALTH PROMOTION PLAN
approximately 12 pages, double spaced . plus an Appendix (see Part Two) that details the development of a health promotion plan targeting one health area.
A. Choose health issue that you would like to work on.
B. Read the material that we covered on health promotion and health inequalities.
C. Work on the paper
YOUR PAPER
Part One:
1. Introduction: Discuss relevant studies, any relevant info about the issue/illness (statistics, summary of the knowledge so far, typical interventions).
2. Discuss risk factors (including risk-behaviors), protective factors. What are possible social and/or cultural considerations?
3. Describe your target population (its developmental stage, e.g. elderly, early childhood) and its needs in relation to the illness.
4. Develop your plan of prevention & promotion. FRAMEWORK: Where, how, and for how long will you intervene? Discuss your steps in detail.
a) Where are you going to do the promotion? Setting?
b) What are you going to do?
c) For how long? How many steps, times…?
d) Include ways of empowerment (personal and/or community), equity&justice, individual skills that you might target, etc., and describe how are these elements going to be addressed in each step of your program.
5. Considerations for implementation: how are you going to implement your plan? Resonable time-table. Determine and briefly discuss measurable outcomes of your intervention.
Part Two: Create an accompanying document. This could be a relevant poster, brochure, hand-out, or lesson plan. This is a place to be creative, as well as to think through how you might effect positive change within a system. This accompanying document must be an original creation, though it can include material from other sources, if you provide citations or a bibliography.
1. APA format and references (use at least 5 references)
2. Clarity and structure (Make sure you proof/read and edit your writing)
3. Implementation of the knowledge learned in class. I want to see that you have integrated what you have learned throughout the semester.
4. Creativity. Sometimes you need to think out of the box in order to reach a certain population at risk.
5. Presentation
Running Head: HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM 2
SIDS PREVENTION AND EDUCATION
Student name
Professor name
Institution
Course
Date
In an effort by the health departments to reduce the vulnerability of citizens to chronic diseases, they have developed health promotion programs where they aim to engage and mobilize the members of the society to take on healthy behaviors through controlling and improving their health status according to (McKenzie, Neiger & Thackeray 2012). These programs plan, organize and structure activities helping individuals to make sober decisions on their health. An example is the SIDS prevention and education that involves the prevention against sudden infant death, this program targets the newly born babies and thus the education programs targets parents who need to be educated on how they can bring up young babies and reduce the infant death rates. This campaign was initiated across all countries in the 1980s in the western region including the UK and British America spreading to other parts of the world like Africa and Canada in 1990 and the 20th century and the main aim is to secure the lives of the newly born babies.
Some of the goals in this program include understanding the change in behavior of the infants by the parents so that they can respond instantly and prevent deaths, provision of the sleep environments that are safe for the infants to curb the cases of lameness among infants and another goal was to provide the knowledge base on the tools needed by the parents to notice illness among infants, for example, the baby check according to (Sidebotham.et.al.2018). The elements in this program involve the stages in the identification of the issues affecting the infant population, the procedure used to disseminate information in the society and the measures to be put in place to ensure the safety of the young babies. Since these are creatures that can speak upon themselves, we find that we have had rampant cases of negligence and arrogance among parents and guardians thus this program has helped to reduce the vulnerability of these innocent creatures according to (Lam 2017).
References
Lam, K. (2017). Preventing Infant Deaths Through Safe Sleep Education.
McKenzie, J. F., Neiger, B. L., & Thackeray, R. (2012). Planning, Implementing, and Evaluating Health Promotion Programs: A Primer. 6th (p. 496). San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings.
Sidebotham, P., Bates, F., Ellis, C., & Lyus, L. (2018). Preventive Strategies for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Adelaide: University of Adelaide Press.
RESEARCH METHODS IN HP
Methodology
Health Ψ – generates diversity of research questions; requires range of methods to answer them.
GOAL: to measure health status (from mortality rates to quality of life)
Methodology FOR: testing theories and models; putting theory into practice; evaluating intervention outcomes; understanding experiences (of patients & HCP; interactions); generating new domains for measurements, etc.
Think of research questions in health Ψ:
Methodology
Examples of research questions in health Ψ:
What is the experience of an ICU (intensive care unit) patient?
Parenting children with special needs? Coping? Risk-factors?
What triggers anorexia nervosa?
How can we improve the life of the people who live with diabetes?
How helpful is CBT – re: coping of breast-cancer patients?
Which factors of an online support group help the members (for cancer, for eating d/o)?
How drug users´ perceptions of themselves and their families differ from those of non-users?
How people recovering from coronary heart disease feel about their rehabilitation?
Methodology
1. Traditional methods are quantitative in nature (correlational; experimental)
2. Recently, health Ψgists use qualitative methods frequently (case-studies; focus-groups; narratives/text analyses)
3. Action research – concerned with process of change; feedback which informs further steps of research and actions (empowerment); participatory AR
SCIENCE IS NOT only about INTERPRETING, IT IS ALSO ABOUT INTERVENING
These 3 kinds of methods complement each others; all are necessary in painting a complete picture of Ψ and health.
(no “better” or “worse” method)
Epistemology
from Greek ἐπιστήμη, epistēmē, meaning “knowledge, understanding” and λόγος, logos, meaning “study of“.
is the branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of knowledge and is also referred to as “theory of knowledge”. It questions what knowledge is and how it can be acquired.
The nature of the knowledge: truth, belief, justification, reality.
¿What is the nature of reality?
¿What is the nature of TRUTH?
¿How can we learn about reality? METHOD
Methodology
History: Wilhelm Wundt (1879): two psychologies:
Psychology as a NATURAL, EXPERIMENTAL science – for the study of the lower mental processes
Psychology as a HUMAN, CULTURAL science – for the study of higher mental processes*
Psychology as natural science: QUANTITATIVE methods
Psychology as human science: QUALITATIVE research methods
*higher mental processes cannot be studied by experimental method; but indirectly by investigation of their products (e.g. a narrative; journal; in-depth interview).
photo-journal
*
Ψ as natural science: Quantitative method
ASSUMPTIONS REGARDING REALITY:
Philosophical assumptions underlying a quantitative or positivist science
Reality is fixed and stable
Human reality can be measured objectively
Human experience can be quantified
Psychologists can develope objective knowledge that acurately reflects the external natural world (the natural science tradition)
«Correspondence theory of truth»
Ψ as natural science: Quantitative method
GOAL: to discover universal psychological laws; to predict
HOW: Investigators disassociate themselves from the phenomenon being investigated by using objective measures.
CRITICISM:
Reductionistic
Decontextualised
Irrelevant to real life
Average «person» or «experience» – we lose all the depth of the real human experience
Pure knowledge; universal principles & laws
Hidden ethnocentrism: “Far too much human psychology is based on studies of White Male Middle-Class Anglo-Saxon Protestant Undergraduates “
Ψ as natural science: Quantitative method
CRITICISM:
Is quantitative data really objective and value-free?
The researcher chooses what questions to ask, how the data should be coded, what sample to select, what variables to analyse, what tests to use, and what story to tell in the final paper.
All these processes involve subjective judgments which are value-laden.
Ψ as human science: Qualitative method
ASSUMPTIONS:
Psychology is a science of humans and their experiences
Assump. about the world & reality:
The world is not knowable directly
Reality is constructed and ever-changing
there is no such thing as a single, immutable reality waiting to be observed and measured.
Aassump. about the truth and knowledge:
There is no one TRUTH that we capture through methods – only various interpretations of reality.
All knowledge is culturally and contextually bound, and personally interpreted.
Human experience can´t be quantified; reduced to numbers
when quantified we don´t really get meaningful knowledge
All knowledge and understanding
*
Ψ as human science: Qualitative method
GOAL: To EXPLAIN rather than PREDICT; to pose UNDERSTANDING rather than solve problems
HOW: The researcher assumes a subjective stance; doesn´t believe that full objectivity is possible
the very presence of researcher & the experience of being a research subject always already constructs the experience… and the findings (interpretations)
CRITICISM:
Reliability?
…
