the body’s response to acute exercise
Unit 2: The Physiology of Fitness
Guided Learning Hours: 30
Unit Content
1 Know the body’s response to acute exercise
Musculoskeletal response: increased blood supply; increase in muscle pliability; increased range of movement; muscle fibre micro tears
Energy systems: phosphocreatine; lactic acid; aerobic; energy continuum; energy requirements of different sport and exercise activities
Cardiovascular response: heart rate anticipatory response; activity response; increased blood pressure; vasoconstriction; vasodilation
Respiratory: increase in breathing rate (neural and chemical control); increased tidal volume
2 Know the long-term effects of exercise on the body systems
Cardiovascular system: cardiac hypertrophy; increase in stroke volume; increase in cardiac output, decrease in resting heart rate; capillarisation; increase in blood volume; reduction in resting blood pressure; decreased recovery time; increased aerobic fitness
Muscular system: hypertrophy; increase in tendon strength; increase in myoglobin stores; increased number of mitochondria; increased storage of glycogen and fat; increased muscle strength; increased tolerance to lactic acid
Skeletal system: increase in bone calcium stores; increased stretch in ligaments; increased thickness of hyaline cartilage; increased production of synovial fluid
Respiratory system: increased vital capacity; increase in minute ventilation; increased strength of respiratory muscles; increase in oxygen diffusion rate
Energy systems: increased aerobic and anaerobic enzymes; increased use of fats as an energy source
3 Be able to investigate the physiological effects of exercise on the body systems
Types of exercise: eg aerobic, resistance, circuit, interval
Methods of investigation: comparison of pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological readings, eg resting heart rate, exercise heart rate, percent heart rate maximum, percent heart rate reserve maximum, Rating of Perceived Exertion, blood pressure, flexibility tests, spirometry
Review: effects of exercise on the body systems (acute and long-term); pre-exercise, exercise and post-exercise physiological data; practicality of exercise activities selected; advantages and disadvantages; strengths and areas for improvement
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