Try to use simple sentence structure and words

Drawing on your prior knowledge and the reading you’ve done so far–especially Garrard’s chapter on the pastoral and Gifford’s essay on pastoral, anti-pastoral, and post-pastoral—brainstorm at least THREE key pastoral conventions below. A few rules:

• Remember, pastoral convention = anything you expect to see when you read a “pastoral” text. Conventions can deal with any rhetorical aspect of the text–see the list of rhetorical strategies above if you need inspiration.
• Once a convention has been posted, it cannot be repeated.
• Everyone must post at least three conventions, but extra points for posting more! There are a lot of possible conventions that can go in our list, so no worries about running out.

2) Label each convention that you add to the list. Does the convention have to do with:

• purpose?
• message or theme?
• plot?
• character?
• setting?
• structure?
• style?
• logos?
• pathos?
• ethos?

3) Provide examples of each convention. Your example can be from the assigned Thoreau or Apess readings, or an example you find online. Make sure to cite where each example came from.

perference:

Logos

• plot structure and repetition
• character types and characterization (how characters are portrayed)
• setting
• dialogue
• description
• figurative language
  • metaphors and similes
  • personification
  • hyperbole (exaggeration)
  • understatement
  • symbolism
  • imagery (word pictures)
  • irony (saying one thing and meaning something else)
• style
  • diction (word choice)
  • syntax (sentence structure)
  • stock phrases and images
  • rhyme and rhythm

Ethos

• narrator’s persona
• tone (the writer or narrator’s attitude toward the subject)
• digression or commentary on the plot or character

Pathos

• allusions to other works, events, people, etc.
• digression or commentary on how the audience might or ought to feel
• direct address to the audience

example:

1. The first is figurative language using similes. This convention helps the reader further visualize the imagery in the text. It helps to paint a picture so the message can be clearly conveyed. It plays a big part in the setting, as the reader has something else to compare it to and understand the concept better. This convention is most associated with logos. An example in Thoreau’s text is, “When other birds are still the screech owls take up the strain, like mourning women in their ancient u-lu-lu” (Thoreau 87).

2. The next convention is exaggeration as this also helps the reader further visualize the setting. It also stresses a certain point and highlights it to be important. This is a big part of the author’s style as it is not a factual sentence. Most used as logos Thoreau uses it, “here comes the cattle train bearing the cattle of a thousand hills” (Thoreau 86). Obviously there are not a thousand hills worth of cattle but it gets the point across that there are a lot of cattle on this train.

3. The last convention is negative diction. Thoreau uses this quite a bit to degrade the incoming railroads. This convention helps explain the purpose of the text as the reader gets a better idea of how the author feels towards certain matters. This is a stylistic matter that also falls into logos. Thoreau uses it to say, “I will not have my eyes put out and my ears spoiled by its smoke and steam and hissing” (Thoreau 86). Using the words spoiled and hissing makes the train seem of malintent further building up how we should feel towards the the train.

 

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